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18

2025

-

06

Detailed Introduction to Five Types of Level Sensors

Capacitive level sensors utilize the principle of capacitive detection, where changes in capacitance are measured to determine the liquid level.

Detailed introduction to five types of level sensors:

1. Capacitive Liquid Level Sensor

The capacitive level sensor operates on the principle of capacitance detection. A capacitive level gauge measures the liquid level by detecting changes in capacitance. It consists of a metal rod inserted into the liquid-containing vessel, where the metal rod serves as one electrode of the capacitor and the vessel wall acts as the other electrode. The dielectric material between these two electrodes is the liquid itself, along with any gas present above it. As the liquid level rises, the dielectric constant between the two electrodes increases accordingly, causing the capacitance to grow.

2. Float-type liquid level sensor

The float-type level sensor uses the magnetic float of a float-level switch, which rises and falls with the liquid level, triggering the reed switch chip positioned within the sensor's detection tube and generating an on-off switching signal.

Place one or more reed switches inside a sealed, non-magnetic tube, then pass this tube through one or more hollow floats equipped with annular magnets inside. As the liquid level rises or falls, it will cause the floats to move up and down, triggering the reed switches to either close or open within the non-magnetic tube—and thereby generating a switch signal.

 

 

3. Ultrasonic Level Sensor

An ultrasonic level sensor is a non-contact sensor that utilizes the principle of ultrasonic wave reflection—specifically, it calculates the liquid level height by measuring the time difference between the emission and reflection of ultrasonic waves, thereby achieving precise level measurement. It boasts features such as non-contact operation, simple installation, and high sensitivity.

4. Radar-type Level Sensor

Radar level sensors offer the same advantages as laser-based measurement principles, while also being unaffected by the measured medium and less influenced by external environmental factors—eliminating the need for frequent recalibration. However, their typical measurement range is limited to within 6 meters, making them particularly well-suited for in-tank level monitoring in large containers equipped with heating steam systems, such as those used to monitor residual oils, asphalt, and other similar materials.

5. Hydrostatic Level Sensor

The measurement principle is based on the fact that the hydrostatic pressure generated by a liquid column depends on both the liquid's density and its level. A pressure sensor installed at the bottom of the storage tank measures this gauge pressure relative to atmospheric pressure. Using the known density of the medium, the measured value is then converted into the corresponding liquid level.


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